![]() The permeability increases with increase in magnetic field, after reaching a maximum value it will start decreasing. Materials like iron do not have a constant permeability. We know that iron is a ferromagnetic material. The magnetic permeability can be used to measure a material’s resistance to the magnetic field. The ratio of magnetic induction to magnetic intensity is called magnetic permeability and is denoted by $\mu $. We can increase the magnetic strength by increasing the current or the number of turns in the coil or both. Magnetic strength of an electromagnet depends on the type of material of the core, the number of turns of the coil and the current flowing through the coil. The magnetic flux density, which is the number of magnetic field lines through a unit area is represented on the $Y$ axis of the graph using $B$ and the strength of the magnetic field is given on the $X$ axis denoted by $H$. Elements show different behaviour under magnetisation. The $B - H$ curve is used to study the magnetic properties of a material. Commercial iron is the form of iron containing carbon and other impurities in small amounts. The curve shows how commercial iron responds to magnetisation. $B$ denotes the magnetic flux density and H represents the magnetic field strength. Hint: The $B - H$ curve characterises the magnetic properties of an element or an alloy. ![]()
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